Overview of the Internet

What is Internet?
- The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

Evolution of Internet :

ARPANET :
- ARPA – Advance Research Project Agency created by US Department of Defense
- The network is called ARPANET
- The network became functional in September 1969
- The Internet originated as ARPANET and had two main goals:

• Allow scientist at different physical locations to share information and work together.
• Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster.

- The original ARPANET consisted of 4 main computers located at:

• University of California at Los Angeles
• University of California at Santa Barbara
• The Stanford Research Institute
• University of Utah

- Each computers served as a host on the network (today known as server).


INTERNET2 :
- Internet2 is not a new network (especially to replace the Internet)
- It is a Research and Development (R&D) project
- In developing technology to ensure that the Internet in the future can handle tomorrow’s applications.
- Not-for-profit R&D project
- Connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network.

Who controls the Internet?
- No one - it is a public, cooperative and independent network
- Several organizations set standards
- Example of organization:

Advantages & Disadvantages of Internet  :

INTRANET :
- An intranet (intra means within) is an internal network that uses internet technologies.
- Network which only available inside an organization or a company.
- Allow scientist at different physical locations to share information and work together
- Function even if part of the network were disabled or destroyed by a disaster.

EXTRANET :- An extranet is the portion of a company’s network that allows customers or suppliers of a company to access parts of an enterprise’s intranet.
- An extranet provides a secure, physical connection to the company’s network.